PLANT CELL BIOTECHNOLOGY AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY

Today, winter bread wheat is one of the main crops in the irrigated areas of the Republic of Uzbekistan. Drought and rising temperatures as a result of global climate change in recent years, the spread of disease epidemics, low grain quality, and so on are causing a number of problems. For this reason, a number of experiments were carried out using 31 varieties of winter bread wheat from the world gene pool and locally created varieties of Grom, Gozgon, Bunyodkor, Shams, widely introduced in the irrigated areas of the Republic of Uzbekistan as standard varieties. The experiments were randomized to 3 replications, with a crop area of 31.4 m² and a crop area of 30 m², plant height (cm), peduncle length (cm), spike length (cm), number of grain spike, thousand grain weight (gm), test weight, g/l, protein content (%), moisture (%), gluten content (%), IDK (Gluten deformation measuring device IDK-3М), vitreousity (%) and grain yield (c/ha). Accordingly, when analyzing the productivity of the studied varieties and lines, it was found that it was 4.36 – 7.60 t/ha. Of the standard varieties, Shams yielded 6.88 t/ha, Bunyodkor 6.86 t/ha and Gozgon 6.83 t/ha. The yield of the Grom variety was 5.60 t/ha, the lowest among the standard varieties, the highest yield was observed in the KR17-FWWPYT-1597 line, 7.6 t/ha and 0.77 t/ha compared to the standard Gozgon variety. In the case of high yields, the yield was 7.3 t/ha and 0.47 t/ha in the KRBW17-6 line, 7.17 t/ha and 0.34 t/ha in the UZ15PC-58 line, and the grain quality 9 lines with higher performance than standard varieties were selected.