Influence of Pre-sowed Biochemical, Chemical and Organic Treatments to the Germination, Vigor and Morphological Growth of Tamarindus indica L
Hemant Kumar Nishad *
Department of Forest Biology and Tree Improvement, Mahatma Gandhi Udyanikee Evam Vanikee Vishwavidyalaya, Sankara, Patan, Durg-491111, Chhattisgarh, India.
Damini Sharma
Department of Forest Biology and Tree Improvement, Mahatma Gandhi Udyanikee Evam Vanikee Vishwavidyalaya, Sankara, Patan, Durg-491111, Chhattisgarh, India.
Alok Singh Bargah
Department of Forest Products and Utilization, Mahatma Gandhi Udyanikee Evam Vanikee Vishwavidyalaya, Sankara, Patan, Durg-491111, Chhattisgarh, India.
Shishir Thakur
Government Sanjay Nikunj, Padkideeh, Development Block and District Bemetara, Chhattisgarh, India.
Akshay Kumar Rajwade
Department of Forest Biology and Tree Improvement, Mahatma Gandhi Udyanikee Evam Vanikee Vishwavidyalaya, Sankara, Patan, Durg-491111, Chhattisgarh, India.
*Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Abstract
This study evaluated the effects of pre-sowing biochemical and organic treatments on the germination and early growth of Tamarindusindica L., a species with hard seed dormancy. Conducted during the 2024–2025 Kharif season in Bemetara, Chhattisgarh, the experiment tested 11 treatments including gibberellic acid (GA₃), potassium nitrate (KNO₃), cow urine, and cow dung slurry under a Completely Randomized Design.Gibberellic acid at 150 ppm (T₇) was the most effective, significantly enhancing all growth parameters: fastest germination (4 days), highest germination rate (96%), tallest seedlings (72 cm), and highest vigour index (7258). Organic and nitrate treatments also improved performance over the control but were less effective than GA₃.The results support GA₃ @150 ppm as a highly effective dormancy-breaking treatment for tamarind seeds and recommend its use in nursery and while suggesting organic alternatives as eco-friendly, cost-effective options.
Keywords: Tamarindus indica, seed dormancy, Gibberellic Acid (GA₃), potassium nitrate, cow urine, cow dung slurry, seed germination, seedling growth, pre-sowing treatment