INFLUENCE OF HEAT STRESS ON PHYSIOLOGICAL AND YIELD POTENTIAL OF PROMISING BREAD WHEAT CULTIVARS
NADEEM MUNAWAR
University College of Agriculture, University of Sargodha-40100, Pakistan.
ANEELA NIJABAT *
Department of Botany, Ghazi University, Dera Ghazi Khan-32200, Pakistan.
RAMEEZ HUSSAIN
Department of Botany, University of Sargodha, 40100, Pakistan.
ADEEL IJAZ SHAH
Department of Botany, University of Sargodha, 40100, Pakistan.
SAHER NAWAZ
Department of Botany, Ghazi University, Dera Ghazi Khan-32200, Pakistan.
ATIA NAZIR
University of Agriculture, Faisalabad-3800, Pakistan.
NAIMA HUMA NAVEED
Department of Botany, University of Sargodha, 40100, Pakistan.
BILAL AHMAD KHAN
University College of Agriculture, University of Sargodha-40100, Pakistan.
MUHAMMAD MAHMOOD-UR-REHMAN
University of Agriculture, Faisalabad-3800, Pakistan.
ANUM SAJID
Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, University of Lahore, Sargodha Campus-40100, Pakistan.
ZOOFISHAN BATOOL
Department of Botany, University of Sargodha, 40100, Pakistan.
TAHIR SHEHZAD
Department of Botany, University of Sargodha, 40100, Pakistan.
ASAD NOMAN
Institute of Molecular Biology and Biotechnology, University of Lahore, Sargodha Campus-40100, Pakistan.
SHAHERYAR AHMAD
University College of Agriculture, University of Sargodha-40100, Pakistan.
MASAB ZUBAIR
University College of Agriculture, University of Sargodha-40100, Pakistan.
FARYAL TAJAMUL
Department of Botany, University of Sargodha, 40100, Pakistan.
IJAZ RASOOL NOORKA
Department of Plant Breeding and Genetics, Ghazi University, Dera Ghazi Khan-32200, Pakistan.
MUHAMMAD ATHER NADEEM
University College of Agriculture, University of Sargodha-40100, Pakistan.
AAMIR ALI
Department of Botany, University of Sargodha, 40100, Pakistan.
*Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Abstract
Population pressure and deforestation has catastrophic impacts on the global environment. Elevated air temperature is the most serious threat to agriculture sector especially cereal crops. Wheat is a major cereal and consumed as staple food by 2/3rd of total population but its annual yield has drastically been reduced in response to severe heat stress exposure during various growth stages in last two decades. Therefore, there is dire need to pay an immediate attention to screen promising wheat varieties particularly in hot environments. Hence, physiological and yield potential of ten wheat cultivars (Hashim-08, Lasani-08, Farid-06, Ujala-15, Sehar-06, AARI-08, Galaxy-13, NARC-09, NARC-11 and Pakistan-13) was evaluated for two years (2019 and 2020) under early and late sown conditions in present study. Canopy temperature depression, cell membrane thermostability, pre-anthesis stem reserve mobilization, relative cell injury, relative growth performance, and stress susceptibility index were measured as stress indicator to evaluate the performance of tested wheat cultivars. Wheat cultivars NARC-09, NARC-11 and Pakistan-13 were declared as heat tolerant while Hashim-08, Lasani-08, Farid-06, Ujala-15, Sehar-06, AARI-08 and Galaxy-13 were found to be susceptible towards terminal heat stress. This wheat stock will be a useful parental material to develop tolerant varieties in wheat breeding programs.
Keywords: Canopy temperature depression, membrane thermo-stability, pre-anthesis stem reserve mobilization, relative performance, terminal heat stress