In vitro EMBRYOTOXICITY ASSAY OF MULBERRY (Morus alba L.) AND AGARWOOD (Aquilaria malaccensis L.) LEAVES EXTRACTS IN ZEBRAFISH (Danio rerio)
MAULITA INDRISARI
Sekolah Tinggi Ilmu Farmasi Makassar, Indonesia.
ASRIL BURHAN *
Sekolah Tinggi Ilmu Farmasi Makassar, Indonesia.
NUR KHAIRI
Sekolah Tinggi Ilmu Farmasi Makassar, Indonesia.
RENY SYAHRUNI
Sekolah Tinggi Ilmu Farmasi Makassar, Indonesia.
AGUNG GIRI SAMUDRA
Pharmacy, University of Bengkulu, Indonesia.
ASRUL ISMAIL
Pharmacy, Alauddin Islamic State University Makassar, Indonesia.
ARNI DAYANTI
Sekolah Tinggi Ilmu Farmasi Makassar, Indonesia.
SRI WAHYUNI
Sekolah Tinggi Ilmu Farmasi Makassar, Indonesia.
*Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Abstract
Natural ingredients have been widely used for medicinal purposes, including mulberry (Morus alba L.) and agarwood (Aquilaria malaccensis L.). Mulberry is believed to treat diabetes, hypertension, hypercholesterolemia and disorders of the gastrointestinal tract, while agarwood is efficacious for lowering blood sugar, cholesterol and refreshing the body. The safety and toxic effects that may be caused in the use of natural medicines must still be considered. In this case, the safety of a natural substance as a traditional medicine and its toxic effects can be identified through a toxicity test. The toxicity test in this study aims to determine the LC50 value of mulberry leaf extract and gaharu leaf extract using the Zebra Fish Embryo Toxicity (ZFET) method which was determined by observing the development of embryos that had been exposed to the active extract for 24 hours, 48 hours, 72 hours and 96 hours post fertilization (hpf). In zebrafish embryotoxicity test, the percentage of coagulation and embryo development abnormalities was obtained with an LC50 value of 293.089 g/mL in mulberry leaf extract and 207.96 g/mL in agarwood leaf extract. Both extracts showed LC50 values in the range of 100-1000 g/mL which means they are practically non-toxic.
Keywords: Morus alba L., Aquilaria malaccensis L., Danio rerio, toxicity