LOCUS DETERMINING ROOT SIZE IN RUSSIAN RICE VARIETIES
Y. K. GONCHAROVA *
Federal State Budget Scientific Institution, All-Russian Rice Research Institute, Belozerny, 3350921, Krasnodar, Russia and Aratay LLC, Skolkovo Innovation Center, Moscow, 143026, Russia.
S. V. GONTCHAROV
Kuban State Agrarian University, Krasnodar, 3350921, Russia.
V. A. SHELEG
Federal State Budget Scientific Institution, All-Russian Rice Research Institute, Belozerny, 3350921, Krasnodar, Russia.
Н. А. ОCHKAS
Federal State Budget Scientific Institution, All-Russian Rice Research Institute, Belozerny, 3350921, Krasnodar, Russia.
V. V. SIMONOVA
Federal State Budget Scientific Institution, All-Russian Rice Research Institute, Belozerny, 3350921, Krasnodar, Russia.
*Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Abstract
The structure of the root system determines not only the drought resistance and efficiency of the mineral nutrition of plants, but also their adaptability to other stresses and the stability of the crop. In the vegetation experiment, we analyzed the effect of water deficit and studied the size of the root system and a a few traits characterizing the morphotype and productivity of 32 varieties of rice of Russian breeding. The plants were grown in vessels (7 kg) with a soil-sand mixture. The experiment was carried out in 3 replications. 10 plants were planted in each vessel. Rice cultivars were marked using 100 SSR markers both linked to the trait and neutral distributed over the rice genome. The longest root system in stress condition was typical for varieties: D-14-3Upla/Liman, Ryzhik, G-172-0-0Baldo/Rapan, Flagman, VNIIR1529/Druzniy, Ivushka, Mavr, Privolniy-4, Sprint, Zhemchug, Kurchanka / A 12 6210. They formed roots longer than 21 cm and these samples can be used as sources of trait. The polymorphism of four chromosomal regions made it possible to reliably divide varieties into groups with a contrasting value of root length and weight; they are located in the regions of markers: RM405, RM53, RM5707, RM286. A decrease in the significance level to 0.07 makes it possible to identify another locus with a possible effect on the trait near marker RM162. For root mass at the level of significance adopted in biological studies (0.05), not a single locus had a significant effect. With a decrease in the significance level to 0.096, three loci were identified with a possible effect on the trait in the region of the location of markers RM104, RM242, RM 289. The chromosomal regions that determine the size of the root system in Russian rice varieties, according to the results of our research, are located at 1, 2, 5, 6, 9 and 11 chromosomes.
Keywords: Rice, genetics, root system, drought resistance, root length, root mass, molecular marking