PRODUCTION OF BIO-OIL AND BIO-CHAR FROM BIOMASS BY HYDROTHERMAL LIQUEFACTION
AWADHESH CHANDRAMAULI *
Department of Civil Engineering, Uttaranchal University, Dehradun, India
NAMRA FATIMA
Department of Civil Engineering, Uttaranchal University, Dehradun, India
NISHIMA CHADDHA
Department of Civil Engineering, Uttaranchal University, Dehradun, India
*Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Abstract
Agricultural biomass has been most likely come from crop residues. India being the second largest agro-based economy thus produces a large amount of crop residues. These residues may be wheat straw, rice straw, rice husk, maize straw and biogases. In this study, we will discuss about rice straw which is, in local terms, known as Parali. As well as, we will discuss about the Hydrothermal Liquefaction of biomass to obtain bio-oil and bio-char by treating it at temperature (250-400°C). It is confirmed to be the most efficient process to obtain bio-oil and bio-char from biomass. However, Hydrothermal Liquefaction is a process of depolymerization of wet biomass thermally to obtain bio-oil and bio-char. It is environment friendly method which does not release harmful substances. It was observed that the yield value of bio-oil and bio-char was highly dependent on temperature and time duration. The maximum yield value was recorded at 400°C. The yield value increases with the increase in temperature and time duration.
Keywords: Biomass, crop residue, HTL-hydrothermal liquefaction, bio-oil, bio-char, temperature, time duration