PLANT CELL BIOTECHNOLOGY AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY

The extract of Hibiscus sabdariffa calyces are a rich source of healthy benefit phytochemicals, especially anthocyanins, which are flavonoid plant pigments with antioxidant effects. Roselle (Hibiscus) extract was prepared and the functional groups of the main compounds were detected by UV–VIS spectrum and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR). The extract's antioxidant capacity was detected using radical 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) scavenging action and ferric reducing antioxidant power. The human genomic DNA damage inhibition was tested and in -silico studied by docking of some Roselles anthocyanin compounds into the DNA. The main functional groups of Roselle anthocyanin compounds were detected by FT-IR and their peaks appeared at 282 nm and 520 nm UV-VIS spectrum. Additionally, the Roselle extract shows a powerful reducing power activity and antioxidant activity with IC₅₀ of about 105.9 ± 4.56 µg/ml besides the extract efficiently inhibits DNA damage by UV-radiant and free radicals. That was confirmed by the docking study of more common Hibiscus anthocyanin compounds, (Delphinidin 3 sambubioside) and (Cyanidin 3 sambubioside) into the DNA which formed docking conformations with stable bonds in the possible interaction of each of the compounds with the DNA as well as good binding energy (-5.62 and-6.74 kcal/mol) and lowest intermolecular energy (-10.69 and - 11.24 kcal/mol) for them respectively. Therefore, Hibiscus calyces extract displayed potent human genomic DNA protection activity and can be used for DNA preservation and cancer inhibitors.