MANAGEMENT OF URDBEAN LEAF CRINKLE DISEASE USING MICRO-NUTRIENTS AND PLANT EXTRACTS IN RELATION TO ENVIRONMENTAL FACTORS
QAISER SHAKEEL
Department of Plant Pathology, University College of Agriculture and Environmental Sciences, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur, Pakistan.
MUSTANSAR MUBEEN *
State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology and Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Pathology of Hubei Province, College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, Hubei, P. R. China.
YASIR IFTIKHAR
Department of Plant Pathology, College of Agriculture, University of Sargodha, Sargodha, 40100, Pakistan.
FAHEEMA BAKHTAWAR
Department of Plant Pathology, College of Agriculture, University of Sargodha, Sargodha, 40100, Pakistan.
SANEELA AROOJ
Department of Plant Pathology, College of Agriculture, University of Sargodha, Sargodha, 40100, Pakistan.
SADIA BASHEER
Department of Plant Pathology, University of Agriculture, Faisalabad, Pakistan.
SHEHZAD IQBAL
State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology and Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Pathology of Hubei Province, College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, Hubei, P. R. China.
AQLEEM ABBAS
State Key Laboratory of Agricultural Microbiology and Provincial Key Laboratory of Plant Pathology of Hubei Province, College of Plant Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, Hubei, P. R. China.
*Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Abstract
Urdbean (Vigna mungo (L.) Hepper) is an important pulse crop grown worldwide. Among the Urdbean diseases, Urdbean Leaf Crinkle disease caused by Urdbean leaf crinkle virus (ULCV) is the most significant disease of Urdbean in Pakistan. This disease causes huge losses in the production of Urdbean. Also, susceptible germplasm and favourable environmental conditions play a role in the severity of this disease. The present study was conducted to manage the disease using plant extracts and micronutrients, along with the epidemiological aspects to explain the dynamics of the disease. Four different plant extracts (botanicals) were prepared as; T1= Garlic extract (2.5%) T2= Neem extract (2.5%) T3= Micronutrient (2.5%) and T4= Control (Distil water). Correlation studies between environmental factors i.e., Temperature and relative humidity and ULCV infection in eight selected Urdbean lines, revealed positive interaction for maximum and minimum temperatures, however negative to the relative humidity. Among the different plant extract, Neem extract, followed by Garlic extract, has significantly reduced the disease severity as compared to control. Further, plants sprayed with neem extract have least whitefly population followed by garlic and accordingly minimum disease severity was observed. These results are helpful in the understanding of epidemiological factors that play vital role in disease spread. Furthermore, the plant extracts can be used to manage the vector populations, which ultimately reduce the disease incidence.
Keywords: Urdbean, ULCV, plant extract, mechanical transmission, environmental factors.