PLANT CELL BIOTECHNOLOGY AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY

This study was conducted in Basra Governorate at the Date Palm Research Unit of the Ministry of Agriculture during the growing season 2019/2020. The 27 offshoots of date palm trees cv. Chipchap were selected at the age of 4 years. Analyzed cow manure was added as an organic fertilizer at an amount of 50 kg offshoot^-1, and Neutra-sol-335 industrial salinity enhancer was added to treat soil salinity at a concentration of 1.5 L per 200 L of water. The effect of irrigation water quality factor was studied in three levels, which are low salinity irrigation at 3-4 dS m^-1of river water and salinity irrigation water at 10 and 15 dS m^-1. The protein pattern of offshoots was studied at the end of the experiment. The results of the study showed that there are differences between these treatments in the number, sites and specifications of the protein bands on the polyacrylamide gel. The number of protein bands ranged between 4 - 9 bands depending on the type of treatment. There were four protein bands in the four treatments, which are each of Neutra-Sol, the salinity of irrigation water at 10 dS m^-1, the organic fertilizers+ 10 dS m^-1 salinity of irrigation water and Neutra-Sol+ 15 dS m^-1 salinity of irrigation water. Whereas, treatment of salinity of irrigation water at 15 dS m^-1 without enhancer (Neutra-Sol) recorded the highest number of protein bands on the polyacrylamide gel, reaching 9 bands. Salt stress conditions resulted in salinity treatment of irrigation water at 15 dS m^-1 without enhancer (Neutra-Sol) led to increasing the gene expression process and the appearance of four new protein bands compared to the control treatment to become nine protein bands, whose molecular weights ranged between 219.124 - 34.295 kDa.