THE CREATION OF BIOTECHNOLOGICAL PLANT COLLECTIONS IN THE BOTANICAL GARDENS OF RUSSIA AS ONE OF THE PROMISING DIRECTIONS FOR THE CONSERVATION OF THE BIOLOGICAL DIVERSITY OF LIVING SYSTEMS
LYUDMILA A. TOKHTAR *
Belgorod State National Research University, 85, Pobedy Str., Belgorod, 308015, Russia.
ZHANNA A. BORODAYEVA
Belgorod State National Research University, 85, Pobedy Str., Belgorod, 308015, Russia.
VALERIY K. TOKHTAR
Belgorod State National Research University, 85, Pobedy Str., Belgorod, 308015, Russia.
SVETLANA V. KULKO
Belgorod State National Research University, 85, Pobedy Str., Belgorod, 308015, Russia.
NATALYA N. TKACHENKO
Belgorod State National Research University, 85, Pobedy Str., Belgorod, 308015, Russia.
*Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Abstract
In recent decades, many countries have show more interest in biotechnological collections of plant objects. The main goal of creating such collections is a comprehensive study and conservation of the genetic resources of the natural flora, especially rare and endangered plant species, endemic, medicinal, as well as economically important plants.
In the large collections of the big botanical gardens of the Russian Academy of Sciences there are present a wide range of plants from different taxonomic groups. In the majority of biotechnological laboratories of regional botanical gardens of Russia, mainly specific rare and endemic groups of plants as well as economically significant for different regions of Russia are propagated and preserved. Some plant collections are formed within the framework of scientific and regional projects, which gives specificity of species and varietal composition to the gene banks created in botanical gardens.
Keywords: Biological diversity, botanical gardens, gene pool conservation, collections of living plants in vitro, clonal micropropagation.