CHEMICAL COMPOSITION OF ESSENTIAL OIL OF Eucalyptus camaldulensis COLLECTED FROM FOREST MOROCCAN AND DETERMINATION THEIR ANTIFUNGAL ACTIVITY ON TWO PHYTOPATHOGENIC FUNGI
RABAB EZ-ZRIOULI *
Laboratory of Agrophysiologie, Biotechnology, Environment and Quality, Faculty of Sciences, University Ibn Tofail, Kenitra 14000, Morocco.
HOUDA EL YACOUBI
Laboratory of Agrophysiologie, Biotechnology, Environment and Quality, Faculty of Sciences, University Ibn Tofail, Kenitra 14000, Morocco.
FATINE MOUHSSINE
Laboratory of Agrophysiologie, Biotechnology, Environment and Quality, Faculty of Sciences, University Ibn Tofail, Kenitra 14000, Morocco.
FATIMA ZAHRA ZADNI
Laboratory of Agrophysiologie, Biotechnology, Environment and Quality, Faculty of Sciences, University Ibn Tofail, Kenitra 14000, Morocco.
ZINEB BENZIANE OUARITINI
Laboratory of Biotechnology and Natural Conservation of the Resources, Dhar El Mehraz Faculty of Science, Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdellah University, FES 30000, Morocco.
ATMANE ROCHDI
Laboratory of Agrophysiologie, Biotechnology, Environment and Quality, Faculty of Sciences, University Ibn Tofail, Kenitra 14000, Morocco.
*Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Abstract
The pesticide misuse poses a real problem of risk-crop profitability of chemical product residues in fruits for consumers and environmental pollution with all of these components. Faced with these problems, research has directed to alternative methods of control through the use of aromatic and medicinal plant extracts. Therefore, the main aim of the present study was to evaluate "in vitro" the antifungal activity against two pathogenic funguses; Fusarium culmorum and Fusarium solani as well as the determination of chemical composition of essential oil of Eucalyptus camaldulensis collected from Maamora urban forest located in the north of Morocco. The antifungal activity carried out by direct contact method, the essential oil showed a very important efficiency since it was able to totally inhibit the growth of the two fungi. The analysis of the chemical composition was carried out by gas chromatography coupled with mass spectrometry (GC/MS); the p-cymene (35.11%), ɣ-Eudesmol (11.9%), L-linalool (11.51%), and piperitone (10.28%) were the mains components identified in essential oil of Eucalyptus camaldulensis.
Keywords: Antifungal activity, GC/MS, essential oil, Eucalyptus camaldulensis, Fusarium culmorum, Fusarium solani.