Analysis of Genetic Diversity of Banana Cultivars Using Simple Sequence Repeat Markers
N. D. Apoorva
Department of Pomology and Post-Harvest Technology, Faculty of Horticulture, Uttar Banga Krishi Viswavidyalaya, Pundibari, Cooch Behar, West Bengal, PIN: 736 165, India.
A. K. Sah
Department of Pomology and Post-Harvest Technology, Faculty of Horticulture, Uttar Banga Krishi Viswavidyalaya, Pundibari, Cooch Behar, West Bengal, PIN: 736 165, India.
D. Samanta *
Department of Pomology and Post-Harvest Technology, Faculty of Horticulture, Uttar Banga Krishi Viswavidyalaya, Pundibari, Cooch Behar, West Bengal, PIN: 736 165, India.
B. Chakraborty
Regional Research Station (Terai Zone), Directorate of Research, Uttar Banga Krishi Viswavidyalaya, Pundibari, Cooch Behar, West Bengal, PIN: 736 165, India.
A. Chakraborty
Department of Pomology and Post-Harvest Technology, Faculty of Horticulture, Uttar Banga Krishi Viswavidyalaya, Pundibari, Cooch Behar, West Bengal, PIN: 736 165, India.
N. Bhowmick
Department of Pomology and Post-Harvest Technology, Faculty of Horticulture, Uttar Banga Krishi Viswavidyalaya, Pundibari, Cooch Behar, West Bengal, PIN: 736 165, India.
N. Sahana
Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Agriculture, Uttar Banga Krishi Viswavidyalaya, Pundibari, Cooch Behar, West Bengal, PIN: 736 165, India.
A. Das
Department of Vegetable Science, Faculty of Horticulture, Uttar Banga Krishi Viswavidyalaya, Pundibari, Cooch Behar, West Bengal, PIN: 736 165, India.
Z. W. Sherpa
Department of Pomology and Post-Harvest Technology, Faculty of Horticulture, Uttar Banga Krishi Viswavidyalaya, Pundibari, Cooch Behar, West Bengal, PIN: 736 165, India.
A. Singh
Department of Pomology and Post-Harvest Technology, Faculty of Horticulture, Uttar Banga Krishi Viswavidyalaya, Pundibari, Cooch Behar, West Bengal, PIN: 736 165, India.
*Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Abstract
Analysis of genetic diversity using molecular markers assesses the genetic variation within different genotypes at DNA sequences among the individuals. Further, molecular markers in genetic diversity analysis are very effective due to their co-dominance, morphological neutrality, abundance, development stage, tissue and environmental independent expression. Genetic variations and relationships among fifteen important banana cultivars were evaluated using 15 Simple Sequence Repeat (SSR) primers. The result indicated that MAOCEN 12 had the highest number of alleles (5) and resulted the highest polymorphism among all the tested markers. Three markers, namely Ma 1-27, Ma 3-103 and Ma Gss 160 exhibited monomorphism. The polymorphism percentage was recorded in the range 0.0-100.0 % in all the used markers. Eighty (80.0%) per cent of the tested markers were found to be polymorphic in nature. The polymorphic information content (PIC) value varied from 0.00-0.374. The heterozygosity index (HI) and marker index (MI) ranged from 0-0.498 and 0-0.021, respectively. The resolving power (RP) ranged from 0.0-1.142 and discriminating power (DP) varied from 0.0- 1.0. The UPGMA cluster analysis of the banana cultivars were also done by using Dice’s coefficient and dendrogram was constructed. The tree distance in the dendrogram was 0.000-0.278. The fifteen banana cultivars were grouped into two major clusters. The tetraploid banana cultivar FHIA-01 formed one major cluster and rest all the diploid and triploid banana cultivars in another cluster. This study identified genetically dissimilar groups within the fifteen banana cultivars that revealed their evolutionary background. The outcome of the experiment will be helpful for germplasms management and planning for future crop improvement programmes in banana.
Keywords: Banana, SSR, Genetic variation, polymorphism, dendogram