Estimation of Heritability and Genetic Advance for Yield and Yield Components in F\(_1\) and F\(_2\) Populations of Bread Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)
Rohit Kumar *
Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Chandra Shekhar Azad University of Agriculture & Technology, Kanpur (U.P.) -208002, India.
R. K. Yadav
Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Chandra Shekhar Azad University of Agriculture & Technology, Kanpur (U.P.) -208002, India.
Somveer Singh
Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Chandra Shekhar Azad University of Agriculture & Technology, Kanpur (U.P.) -208002, India.
Lokendra Singh
Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Chandra Shekhar Azad University of Agriculture & Technology, Kanpur (U.P.) -208002, India.
Shweta
Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Chandra Shekhar Azad University of Agriculture & Technology, Kanpur (U.P.) -208002, India.
C. L. Maurya
Department of Seed Science & Technology, Chandra Shekhar Azad University of Agriculture & Technology, Kanpur (U.P.) -208002, India.
Prem Kumar
Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Chandra Shekhar Azad University of Agriculture & Technology, Kanpur (U.P.) -208002, India.
Amit Kumar
Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Chandra Shekhar Azad University of Agriculture & Technology, Kanpur (U.P.) -208002, India.
Krishan Kumar
Department of Vegetable Science, Chandra Shekhar Azad University of Agriculture & Technology, Kanpur (U.P.) -208002, India.
Shivam Tripathi
Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Chandra Shekhar Azad University of Agriculture & Technology, Kanpur (U.P.) -208002, India.
Suraj Muttepawar
Department of Genetics and Plant Breeding, Chandra Shekhar Azad University of Agriculture & Technology, Kanpur (U.P.) -208002, India.
*Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Abstract
The present study involved 100 treatments (10 parents, 45 F1s, and 45 F2s) arranged in a Randomized Block Design during the 2024 Rabi season at Student Instructional Farm (CSAUAT, Kanpur). The experimental material consisted of 10 parental lines (K-0307, DBW-187, K-1711, DBW-252, DBW-316, DBW-173, HI-1653, HI-1654, SONALIKA and PBW-835). Very high heritability in F1s recorded for the traits viz., days to maturity, number of productive tillers per plant, grain yield per plant, grain weight per spike, biological yield per plant and days to 50% flowering. Whereas, In F2 generation, very high heritability value was noted for the traits viz., days to maturity, number of productive tillers per plant, grain yield per plant, biological yield per plant and days to 50% flowering. Significant genetic improvement in F1s was noted for the number of productive tillers per plant, followed by grain yield per plant and biological yield per plant. A moderate genetic improvement was observed for grain weight per spike, number of spikelets per spike, and number of grains per spike. In the F2 generation, a high percent mean of genetic advancement was noted for the number of productive tillers per plant, followed by grain yield per plant and biological yield per plant. A moderate genetic improvement was observed for grain weight per spike. Days to 50% flowering are low, succeeded by spike length, days to maturity, and quantity of grains per spike.
Keywords: Wheat, yield, heritability, genetic advance, F1 and F2 populations