Green Synthesis of Nanoparticles from Calcium Composite for Wastewater Treatment
C.A. Okpalaunegbu *
Department of Pure and Industrial Chemistry, Chukwuemeka Odumegwu Ojukwu University, Uli Campus, Anambra State, Nigeria and Department of Pure and Industrial Chemistry, Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Awka, Anambra State, Nigeria.
A. J. Chinweuba
Department of Pure and Industrial Chemistry, Chukwuemeka Odumegwu Ojukwu University, Uli Campus, Anambra State, Nigeria.
E.N. Ojiako
Department of Pure and Industrial Chemistry, Chukwuemeka Odumegwu Ojukwu University, Uli Campus, Anambra State, Nigeria.
N.V. Nwankwo
Department of Pure and Industrial Chemistry, Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Awka, Anambra State, Nigeria.
O.A. Princewill
Department of Pure and Industrial Chemistry, Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Awka, Anambra State, Nigeria.
C.N Aduaka
Department of Pure and Industrial Chemistry, Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Awka, Anambra State, Nigeria.
*Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Abstract
The green synthesis of nanoparticle from calcium composite for wastewater treatment was carried out to bio synthesize CaO nanocomposite using leaf extracts of Newbouldia laevis (Ogilisi) and Alternanthera bettzickiana (blood tonic). Phytochemical analyses were carried out on the leaf extract to determine active biomolecules present. The substances synthesized were characterized using UV/Visible spectroscopy, Fourier Transformed Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR), Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) and X- Ray Diffraction (XRD) techniques to ascertain validity and confirm product. On the whole, two different types of nanocomposites were produced which include: Calcium nanocomposite of Ogilisi Leachate treated (CaNPOL) from Newbouldia laevis (Ogilisi) leaf extract and Calcium nano composite blood tonic leachate treated CANPTL of Alternanthera bettzickiana (blood tonic) leaf extract. Result from phytochemical analysis conducted on leaf extracts revealed presence of anthraquinones, protein, amino acids, cardiac glycoside, tannins, saponins. phenolics. terpenoids, flavonoids, and alkaloids, among others were found. Results from characterization include: result from UV/Vis spectral profile showing that spectral absorption was at 260nm and 300nm indicating the presence of CaO/CaONPs. FTIR result revealed 880.427/cm/870.00cm stretching for CaO NPS Newbouldia laevis (Ogilisi) and Alternanthera bettzickiana, (Blood tonic). XRD result, of x-ray after a monocratic beam indicated crystal feature, intense peaks from the spectrum which revealed two–degree theta shifts data ranging of 14.2648 were obtained for CaO NPS. SEM analysis revealed agglomerates structure identifying CaO. Thus all these analysis conducted on the sample under investigation proved that nano composite made from calcium was produced and can be used for safe water treatment because, it is eco-friendly.
Keywords: Green synthesis, nano composites, phytochemical, analysis, characterization